Torkild valdemar hemmingsen



Sept. 6, 1932. 'r. v. HEMMINGSEN I 1,875,457

COOLING DEVICE FOR INJECTION NQZZLES OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Nov. 21, 1929 WMMM lirrxs.

Patented Sept. 6, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE TORKILD VALIDEMAR HEMMINGSEN, OF COPENHAGEN, DENMARK COOLING DEVICE FOR INJECTION NOZZLES OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Application filed November 21, 1929, Serial No. 408,9l2, and in Denmark December 29, 1928.

This invention relates to a device for 'coolengine cylinder. According to the invening the injection nozzle of an internal comtion the fuel oil used for cooling is caused to bustion engine of the kind working with solid pass with great velocity through the cooling injection and in which cooling spaces are 'arspaces in or around the nozzle thereby that {I ranged in or around the nozzle. In this type the cooling spaces have a suitable small pasof internal combustion engines difficulties sage area relative to the pressure with which may arise at the injection of certain kinds of the oil is pressed through the cooling spaces fuel oil, especially oils having a high degree and relative to the passing quantity of oil.

of viscosity. The difficulties are caused in The arrangement according to the invensuch devices due to the fuel oil becoming tion is so that the cooling oil is pumped in partly coked during injection, and forms conby the fuel injection pump of the .engine siderable deposits of coke at the surface of through the cooling passages of the injection the fuel injection nozzle, so that the atomizanozzle during the injection period, whereby tion of the fuel is disturbed with the result it exerts its cooling effect upon the nozzle and that the combustion in the cylinder becomes 'is'immediately thereafter injected into the less complete. The coking is supposed to be engine cylinder. To this end the cooling pasdue to the fact that the viscous oil has a tendsages of the nozzle communicate at one exency to cling with a considerable force to the tremity with a supply pipe for fuel oil from edge of the atomizing passages. It has been the fuel injection pump of the engine and at attempted to overcome the said defect by the other end with the compartment of the providing the injection nozzle wlth cavltles fuel valve from which the injection into the through which cooling water is circulated, engine cylinder takes place. and a considerable reduction in the deposit of In the accompanying drawing the invencoke has been obtained thereby, but these tion is illustrated.

: known devices have several deficiencies. The drawing shows a constructional form, Firstly the fuelvalve is complicated owing to seen in section through a part of the fuel the arrangement of water passages with tube valve. connectings and the like, and secondly leak- In the drawing a is the lower part of the age between the fuel oil compartments and fuel valve housing, I) a fuel injection nozzle water compartments may cause the oil to be having a plane surface 0, which lies close to a mixed with water, which mixture is thus corresponding plane surface (1 of the valve introduced into the cylinder; or this leakage housing a. e is a screw cap holding the nozzle may cause the water to pass directly into the when it is screwed on to a threaded portion f cylinder,, which is objectionable. On the of the valve housing a. g is the lower portion other hand the water may become contami- ,of a valve spindle terminating at its lower nated by oil, which is also objectionable. end in a cone'which coacts with the conical The said deficiencies of the known devices valve seat of the nozzle 25, which is provided are avoided by this invention, according to with a central fuel passage h communicating which fuel oil is employed for the cooling of with the engine cylinder (not shown) 0 the injection nozzle, i. e. the same oil which through atomizing passages The valve is used for the combustion. In other words, housing has a fuel oil supply passage lcopenthe invention may be characterized thereby in}: into its end surface d and communicating that the cooling chambers are provided in or through an annular recess Z in the surface 0 around the nozzle, and communicate with of the nozzle-with a passage m, the other end inlet and outlet means for the circulation of of'which communicates with a helical cooling "5 fuel oil, and that the piping system for the passage 91. formed in the nozzle surrounding fuel oil-serving the cooling purpose is conthe passage It. At the. top this cooling pasnected-with the fuel injection means of the sage n communicates with the annular space engine so that the fuel oil is employed both p around the lower part of the valve spindle for cooling purposes and for injection into the g. The device acts as follows: During the pressure stroke of the fuel injection pump cooling passages n. Hereby the injection nozzle is cooled considerably, although the cooling takes place only during the comparatively short time corresponding to the injection period, because the great velocity of the fuel oil renders the transmission coeflicient between metal and oil very great. While the fuel oil exerts its cooling effect upon the nozzle it is heated, so that it becomes less viscous whereby its tendency to cling at the edges of the atomizing passages is reduced. Having passed the cooling chambers n the fuel oil passes through the passage 0 to the space p, where its pressure causes the spindle to lift, so that the oil is allowed to pass further on through the central fuel passage h and the atomizing passages i into the combustion chamber of the engine cylinder.

The invention may be performed in many other ways than shown and specified above only by way of examples.

I claim;

1. A device of the class described comprising a housing for connection with an internal combustion engine cylinder, a fuel ejecting nozzle fitted to the housing, said nozzle having a central fuel discharge passage and a helical fuel passage surrounding the former and discharging into the housing, said central passage having a seat at its upper end, a

a valve spindle in the housing cooperatively associated with the seat, said nozzle having atomizing passages therein affording communication between the central passage and engine cylinder, means for conducting fuel 011 to the nozzle, and a passage inthe nozzle connecting the fuel oil conducting means and. 1

the fuel passage as and for the purpose set forth. Q

2. A device of the class described comprising a housing for connection with an internal combustion engine cylinder, an injection no'z zle fitted to the housing and having a central fuel passage therein, a seat at one end of the passage, a valve spindle cooperatively associated with the seat, said nozzle having atomizing passages therein affording communication between the central passage and engine cylinder and having a helical passage therein 4. A device of the class described comprising a housing for connection with an internal combustion engine cylinder, an in ectlon nozzle fitted to the housing and having a central fuel passage therein, a seat at one end of the passage, a valve member cooperatively associated with the seat, said nozzle having atomizing passages therein aflording communication between the central passage and engine cylinder and having a cooling passage therein surrounding the central passage, means for conducting fuel oil for cooling purposes to the said cooling passage and to said central passage for injection into the engine cylinder.

5. A device of the class described comprising a housing for connection with an internal combustion engine cylinder, an injection nozzle fitted to the housing and having a central fuel passage therein, a seat at one end of the passage, a valve member cooperatively associated with the seat, said nozzle having atomizing passages therein affording communication between the central passage and engine cylinder and having a cooling passage therein surrounding the central passage, means for injecting fuel oil into the cooling passage for cooling purposes and further for discharging from said passage into the space of the housing above the valve seat, the valve member when being thereby unseated permitting discharge of fuel oil into the central passage and into the atomizing passages for injection into the engine cylinder.

6. A device as claimed in claim 5 wherein the cooling passage is helical. In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

TORKILD VALDEMAR HEMMINGSEN.

surrounding the central passage, means for injecting fuel oil into the spiral passage for discharging into the housing, said valve spindle when unseated permitting discharge of fuel oilinto the central passage and into the atomizing passages.

' 3. As a new article of manufacture, a fuel injection nozzle having a central fuel passage and atomizing passages communicating with lts lower end, saidnozzle having a helical passage surrounding the central passage for conducting fuel oil to the upper end of the central passage. 

